Resources
WASHTech TAF for MUS
Presentation by Vinny Casey from WaterAid on using the technology applicability framework (TAF) in adapted form for MUS.
Participatory design for MUS
Presentation by Barbara van Koppen on issues around MUS.
Step by step approach: Community participation in design
Presentation by the RAIN Foundation on community participation in the design of water systems.
Rope pumps and other smart techs for MUS and self-supply
Presentation by Henk Holtslag on self-supply which he considers more cost-effective than communal water supply.
Reflections on user participation in water system design in Bolivia and Peru
Presentation by Jeroen Vos of Wageningen University and Research centre on whether multiple-use water services require a specific design approach.
Resilience building in Kenya Arid Lands - calculation example
Calculation example for water needs as used in the Kenya Arid Lands project.
Self-supply acceleration in Ethiopia
Presentation by John Butterworth on recent progress and developments around self-supply in Ethiopia.
Resilience building in Kenya Arid Lands
Presentation on the Kenya Arid Lands project which is working to improve access to water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) and build resilience to climate change. See also the calculation example for assessing water needs.
Ethiopia: Self-supply family wells for Multiple Use water Services
Family wells are privately-owned, although generally shared freely with neighbours for domestic use. Traditional hand-dug wells come in a variety of shapes and sizes according to local geology, material availability and know-how. They can be upgraded by stepwise improvements in lining, well head protection and lifting devices.
Ethiopia: The CMP approach and potential to promote multiple uses of water
The Community Managed Project approach (CMP) gives facility users the mandate to plan and manage the implementation of facilities. Water committees manage the facility construction from beginning to end, so there is no handover of the facilities after completion, unlike projects managed by local authorities or NGOs.
Ethiopia: Greywater reuse interventions - keyhole and vertical gardens
Having a vegetable gardens at the homestead can help improve nutrition, while surplus may be an important source of income. Greywater is a valuable source of water in (semi) arid areas and helps reduce pollution of the compound.
Ethiopia: Manual well drilling
The case study Manual well drilling: an alternative for shallow groundwater development for multiple use services (MUS) looks into the features of manual well drilling in Ethiopia and the costs and benefits. Manual drilling is a fast and relatively low-cost method of accessing shallow groundwater for multiple uses.
Ethiopia: Addressing livestock needs in Multiple-Use water Services
Livestock watering is one of the most widespread productive uses of water in multi-purpose water supply systems in Ethiopia. At the same time, livestock may increase degradation of grazing lands threatening water resources.
Ethiopia: Faecal sludge reuse interventions: the Arborloo and Fossa Alterna
This case study focuses on the less documented faecal sludge reuse interventions in Ethiopia: Arborloo and Fossa Alterna, as implemented in East Arsi and Eastern Hararghe, in the Central Rift Valley, and in Arba Minch.
South Africa: National Water Resource Strategy 2013
The National Water Resource Strategy 2 of South Africa calls explicitly for the planning, development and use of infrastructure as multi-purpose facilities, especially in poor rural areas. Water provided for domestic uses will also provide for productive uses. A new planning approach for community water supplies is proposed that provides for people’s multiple water needs.
Nepal: rainwater harvesting lessons learnt in relation to multiple-use
This research report, by BNP, seeks to assess the possibilities and limitations of using RWH for drinking water, biogas and irrigation and identity the possibilities and limitations of combining these different uses. Specifically, it seeks to:
- Assess the water use practices and water needs with respect to different purposes in rural households presently challenged with water scarcity to identify the need for rainwater harvesting for MUS
- Identify the effectiveness of combining roof water harvesting systems with surface runoff systems for MUS
- Analyse financial and economic aspects and impacts of MUS from rainwater harvesting systems
- Test the combination of Ferro-cement tanks with “1 bag cement” systems and plastic ponds
Zambia: Water supply provision for poverty alleviation in rural areas
Zambia has invested substantially in rural water supply since the early 1970s, but the actual number of people effectively provided with safe drinking water remains very low. It is estimated that only 37% of the population had access to safe water supply in 2000, a deprivation that has characterised and entrenched poverty in Zambia’s rural areas. Attempts to alleviate this poverty require a policy that favours a shift in emphasis from provision of safe water supplies to that encompassing productive water. The latter enables families to increase income and reduce costs of healthcare services for water-related illnesses. Gains in income generation will further enable communities to take care of their safe water needs, addressing the systematic challenge of sustainability in the delivery of rural water supply programmes. Under such favourable conditions rural communities can enjoy a life of quality and dignity.
Productive uses of water supply systems: encouraging common practice, for investments with high benefit-cost ratios : summary report
Summary report from the discussions
The Multiple use water services (MUS) Group, together with some of its members and partners (IRC, IWMI, Winrock International, RiPPLE, CINARA, World Vision, USAID, Virginia Tech University and Rockefeller Foundation) convened a session at the Stockholm World Water Week on ‘Scaling Pathways for Multiple-Use Services, for Food Security and Health’ with the aim of identifyingscaling pathways for MUS to reach the tipping point. [authors abstract]
Ethiopia: linking water and food security; the multiple use of domestic water supplies
Both water and sanitation and food are recognised as human rights, that every citizen is entitled to enjoy. Our professions, governments and agencies work diligently, but mostly separately on these two issues. In some places, such a clear separation of efforts is not always possible or sensible though. Water and food are especially closely linked in rural and peri-urban areas in low income countries, and here, efforts to improve access to water and food security demand integrated components that build on the potential synergies. Families integrate their own efforts after all, and many traditional water supplies schemes cater for multiple uses. To maximize the developmental impact of their work, this is something that professionals and organisations need to get better at too. This article highlights one the productive use of domestic water supplies where such a coordinated approach is required, and illustrates it by case studies from Ethiopia.
A guide to MUS: letter-size
Multiple-use water services is a holistic approach to sustainable water services that improves health and livelihoods. This holistic, participatory approach to water improves livelihoods and health, increases sustainability, and ultimately improves people’s lives overall. By investing a little more to address people’s multiple needs, impact is maximized in the long term. [authors abstract]
A guide to MUS: A4-size
Multiple-use water services is a holistic approach to sustainable water services that improves health and livelihoods. This holistic, participatory approach to water improves livelihoods and health, increases sustainability, and ultimately improves people’s lives overall. By investing a little more to address people’s multiple needs, impact is maximized in the long term. [authors abstract]
Global: Implementation guide for MUS with operational working models
In collaboration with IDEO.org, Winrock International created a stylized how-to guide that shows implementers, funders, and policymakers: what MUS is, how it looks in practice, and how to incorporate MUS into their own operations.
Cartoon on food security
Cartoon on food security developed for the Triple-S project.
Global: multiple-use water services synthesis of the scoping study
This report synthesizes the results of a scoping study into MUS in five countries: Ethiopia, Ghana, Tanzania, India and Nepal. It analyses the potential for a MUS approach for four different entry points for scaling pathways: domestic-plus, irrigation-plus, self-supply and community-based MUS, for each of the five countries. It then identifies a number of common barriers across the countries and potential manners of overcoming those.
Keeping the Water Flowing: Multiple-Use Water Services
This video, developed by Winrock International, presents an animated introduction to the background of the MUS approach and its key features